NEW
YORK (CNNMoney)
The Federal Reserve announced the end of its
bond-buying program Wednesday, marking the close of a six-year effort to
stimulate the economy.
The decision reflects how much the economy has
improved since the recession. It's akin to taking the training wheels off of a
child's bike. The Fed's announcement was overall positive, says Dan Greenhaus,
chief strategist at market research firm BTIG in New York. "It's in
response to the Fed acknowledging the improvement in the economy, the
improvement in the labor market and the diminished risks on the inflation side
of things," says Greenhaus.
The 12 members of the central bank's committee
also voted to keep its key interest rate near zero. This means
people with savings in the bank get little to no interest, but the low interest
rates spur people and businesses to spend and invest.
When will interest rates rise? In its statement
today, the Fed kept in the closely watched statement that it will
maintain interest rates at the current low rates "for a considerable
time." The Fed has given indications that it will likely raise the
interest rate in 2015. Rates will likely rise by next March, says Paul
Ashworth, chief economist at research firm Capital Economics.
"We still believe that the Fed will begin
to raise rates sooner than generally expected," Ashworth wrote in a note.
He added that the Fed's relatively optimistic language about inflation and the
labor market was a "hawkish," or positive, move. Many economists and
traders expect the Fed to begin raising rates in the summer of 2015.
The bank started its bond program, known as
quantitative easing or "QE", in November 2008 to aid the economy and
the crippled housing market. It became the flagship program of former Fed
Chairman Ben Bernanke's term in office.
Improving economy: The economy has come a
long way in six years. The unemployment rate is now 5.9%, its lowest mark since
QE began. There are over 8.5 million more people employed now than in November 2008,
according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In the announcement Wednesday, the
Fed said the job market is improving. "On balance, a range of labor market
indicators suggests that underutilization of labor resources is gradually
diminishing," the statement read. Current Fed Chairwoman Janet Yellen has
often cited her concerns this year about the sluggish job market, but it
appears the Fed's views have shifted somewhat. The Fed also wants inflation to
stay consistently above 2%, which it has not since the Fed lowered interest
rates.
The total number of housing starts, an
important measure of the health of the real estate market, has almost doubled
since its low point shortly after QE began, according to the Census Bureau. The
Dow Jones Industrial Average was down around 20 points just before the Fed's
announcement. The Dow dropped further after the statement came out to around 70
points down. With the economy still on the mend, there are many arguments for and against the
Fed's historic policy decision to buy bonds.
"We're going to be debating the efficacy
of the quantitative easing programs for the next 100 years," says
Greenhaus. "Its legacy is undetermined because the war isn't over." ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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